ABSTRACT
High myopia has a high genetic tendency, it not only shows in the excessive elongation of the axial length, but also lends to the formation and progression of various eye lesions, such as peripheral retinopathy, optic disc changes, posterior staphyloma, and myopic maculopathy, due to the mechanical stretching of the axial length to the ocular structure. In addition, high myopia increases the risk of several complications, such as glaucoma, cataract, and corneal disease. All these pathological changes will affect visual function and lead to irreversible vision impairment and blindness in the future. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to screening for optic disc abnormalities and posterior staphyloma, and regular monitor the changes of fundus, intraocular pressure, and lens. At the same time, high myopia has an impact on personal life such as study, psychology, sport, and work, and can reduce the quality of life as well as increase the cost of health care. The clinic should pay more attention to high myopia, prevent and control the development of high myopia from an early stage, in order to minimize its impact on ocular structure and visual function as well as its hazard to personal life and society.
ABSTRACT
Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of optic nerve accompanied by apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),cupping of optic nerve head,and visual field loss.The mechanism of glaucomatous optic neuropathy still has not yet been elucidated.Autophagy is an important metabolic pathway including degrading and recycling damaged organelles and macromolecules to maintain intracellular homeostasis,and it participates in the pathogenesis of various diseases.Some studies on the relationship between autophagy and glaucoma indicated that autophagy played a dual role during the glaucomatous neurodegenerative process,and it is verified that many metabolic pathways modulate autophagy by positive and negative regulation.To elucidate and take advantage of autophagy to manage neurodegeneration in glaucoma is of great importance.In this article,the probable effects of autophagy in the mechanism of glaucomatous optic neuropathy including ocular hypertension,damage to the optic nerve fiber layer,remodeling of optic nerve head,clearance of mutant protein,and immune reactions are reviewed.
ABSTRACT
In recent years, many modern spectral databases for complex materials ( such as soil, feed, forensic evidence materials, pharmaceuticals and oils) have been established based on molecular spectroscopy (UV, infrared, near infrared, Raman and fluorescence) both at home and abroad, which are playing more and more important roles in the agricultural and industrial production and science research. Spectral searching method is one of the key technologies to make full use of the molecular spectral database. This paper reviewed the progress in the basic and modified algorithm, strategy and application of molecular spectral searching methods, and put forward the scientific and technological problems that need attention and further research.